How They Actually Work
Two Pieces, One Refrigerant Line, No Air Handler in the Attic
A ductless mini split has two physical pieces: an outdoor condenser that looks like a small AC unit, and one or more indoor heads - usually wall-mounted, but also ceiling cassette and floor-mounted options. They connect through a single insulated line set that carries refrigerant, condensate, and power. No ductwork. No air handler. No attic equipment in 130-degree Texas summer.
The outdoor unit is an inverter-driven compressor, which is the key technical difference from a traditional AC. Instead of cycling on and off at full power, the compressor modulates - faster when the room is loading up, slower when it's just maintaining. That's what makes mini splits quiet, precise, and efficient.
Most modern mini splits are also heat pumps - they reverse to heat in winter. In Central Texas where we rarely go below 25°F, that's the only heat source most mini split rooms ever need.